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Shoftim Perakim 17-18 (13 Marcheshvan) |
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Written by Rabbi Schwartz
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Thursday, 13 November 2008 13:34 |
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The Story of Pesel Micha: Perek 17 opens with an admission of guilt; a child stole money from his mother. His admission comes with reparations. It is clear that the mother had dedicated it to an idol which Micha then builds. Meanwhile, a person from (Judah), a Levi goes on a trip and Micha makes him his Kohain. Is he a kohain? It seems not, that Micha simply decides that he should have this role which this Levi happily accepts. Now, in Sefer Yehoshua (19:40-46) we learned the tribe of Dan wasn’t happy with their land. They said: “that there is this section all the way in the North that we want.” They went to go claim it. The people of Dan consulted Micha's Levi to see if they would win the war. Ultimately they won the war and adopted Micha’s levi as their own as they established Jewish idolatry up in the North. |
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Shoftim Perakim 19-21 (14 Marcheshvan) |
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Written by Rabbi Schwartz
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Thursday, 13 November 2008 13:30 |
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The final 3 Perakim of Sefer Shoftim note the stroy of Pilegesh B'Givah and its aftermath. Perek 19 starts off with a young man and his concubine couple visiting the in-laws. Despite (because of) the father’s hospitality, the couple decides to travel home. On the journey, night falls, and the couple looks for a place to stops and lodge in the neighborhood of the tribe on Binyamin. Unfortunately, no one offers to let them stay for the night. A man from Ephraim, not from the tribe of Binyamin, warns them not to stay in the street and offers to house them for the night. The men of the neighborhood hear about this hospitality and demand that the host send out the concubine of the guest so they can have their way with her. Ultimately, the mob was successful and the woman is returned in the morning dead. In response, the man cuts up her body into 12 pieces to send a clear message to every tribe about this horrific event. (The Irony of reading this story during Parshas VaYera is certainly not to be lost). Once again, civil war erupts. The tribe of Benjamin is practically decimated because the rest of the people are outraged that they could defile this concubine so. The nation did consult the kohain (Pinchas – another proof that this story was early in the era) and Hashem sanctioned the war; but it was bloody and Binyamin suffered heavy casualties. Because of the atrocity committed in Gibeah, the other Tribes had sworn at the meeting in Mitzpah not to give their daughters as wives to the Tribe of Benjamin. Now they had a problem: the entire Tribe had been wiped out except for the 600 refugees! What could be done? They couldn't violate their oath, but they also could not allow a Tribe to become extinct. What to do? First, they determined that nobody had come to the meeting from the town of Yaveish-Gilad. Therefore, nobody from Yaveish-Gilad was bound by the oath. They struck down the population of Yaveish-Gilad, since attendance at the national assembly was mandatory on pain of death. They kept alive 400 marriageable girls for wives for Benjaminite refugees.But this left 200 Benjaminite refugees without wives. How could they renew the Tribe without the other Tribes violating their oath? It was decided that the 200 remaining Benjaminites would go to the yearly festival in Shiloh. When the local girls went out to dance, each man would catch himself a wife. This would be done with the girl's consent, but not the parents', so there would be no violation of their oath not to give their daughters to the Tribe of Benjamin. |
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Shoftim Perakim 15-16 (12 Marcheshvan) |
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Written by Rabbi Schwartz
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Monday, 10 November 2008 10:47 |
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Shimson had left his Philistine wife with her father. He later went to reclaim her, only to find that the father had given her away to another man. Since she was not divorced from Samson, this was blatant adultery, tacitly sanctioned by the local Philistine community in violation of the Sheva mitzvos Bnei Noach. Shimshon tied foxes together by the tails with torches and let them loose through the Philistines' fields, burning down their crops. When the Philistines heard of this, they burned the adulterous woman and her father. Samson reprimanded them that that's what should have been done in the first place. The Bnei Yeudah were concerned that Shimson's trouble with the Philistines would come back to bite them. He allowed them to arrest him and to turn him over to the Philistines, but when they handed him over, he broke his bonds, grabbed a donkey's jawbone and killed 1,000 of the enemy troops. Shimshon's end comes in Perek 16 where he falls for Delilah and let's her in on the secret to his strength. She turns on him and turns him in to the Philistines who knock out his eyes. During a Philistine celebration where he is brought up to be mocked, Shimshon's strength is returned to him by Hashem in order to deliver a final crushing blow to the Philistines. He rules for 20 years. |
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Shoftim (Perakim 7-14) Roundup (8-11 MarCheshvan) |
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Written by Rabbi Schwartz
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Monday, 10 November 2008 10:35 |
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Chapter 7 notes how God orders Gideon to take ONLY three hundred men to battle against Midyan. These men were chosen from the 32,000 men who originally gathered at Ein Charod (see 7:1-8). At first glance, it seems as thought the reason for this was to show Gideon (and the rest of the nation) how God fights for Am Yisrael. After all, without depending upon a divine miracle, how could 300 men possibly attack an enemy of tens (if not hundreds) of thousands (see 7:12,21-22 and 8:10-11). However, from a pure military perspective, Gideon's strategy could be considered ingenious. Gideon, no matter how many troops he can muster, is outnumbered. The entire Jezreel valley is filled with the enemy. However, the enemy's strength in numbers is exactly their weakness, for they form a very unorganized fighting force. Gideon's strategy is to use a very small well trained force to trick the enemy in a manner that it would defeat it. Under the cover of darkness, he sneaks a small (but well trained) force smack into the middle of the enemy's camp, and climbs to the top a mountain -Givat ha'moreh [today, located adjacent to the city of Afula]. A group of soldiers any bigger could 'blow their cover', therefore he takes only a small, but well trained group. While the Midyanim are asleep, his men suddenly blow the 300 "shofarot", while simultaneously lighting 300 torches in three organized rows (see 7:19-20). To a Midyanite, awaken and startled by these noises & lights, there can only be one explanation - a well trained foreign army had attacked them! The Midyanim became so frightened that pandemonium breaks out; the confusion leads them to kill one another, and they all begin to flee towards the Jordan River valley (to return to Midyan). Gideon takes advantage of this flight and orders the rest of his soldiers (who were waiting on the surrounding hills) to chase the enemy. The plan worked like a charm!
At that time, Gideon made what he thought was the proper decision. Nonetheless, the long term ramifications of that decision proved to be disastrous. For the story of Avimelech (that follows the story of Gideon) shows that had Gideon accepted the nation's offer to become their king, then surely he would have prepared for a proper successor from among his children before his death. However, the political 'vacuum' created by Gideon's refusal led to the rule of the worst of his children instead. The terrible manner by which Avimelech rose to power, and well as the disastrous results of his ploy emphasize the danger that can result when a genuine call for leadership is not answered by the proper person (see chapter nine, especially "Mashal Yotam"). After Avimelech, Israel was ruled by Tola for 23 years, then Yair for 22 years. (This actually totals 44 years, as there was one year in which both ruled.) The Jews then backslid into their bad habits and started worshipping idols again. G-d therefore allowed the nation to fall into the hands of Ammon and the Philistines. The Jews cried out for salvation and G-d said no. He had redeemed them many times and they always went back to their evil ways, so this time they could ask the idols to save them. Even though G-d said no, the Jews did a sincere teshuva (repentance) and got rid of their idols. They said to G-d that they would rather be punished directly by Him than by foreign nations. Since they did a sincere repentance, G-d agreed to save them. There was a change, however. Prior to this time, great leaders would redeem Israel completely. The Judges who would arise from this point on, while still great people, were also flawed. And while Israel would receive relief from their enemies, those enemies would not be completely repelled. Yiftach is next to arrive on the scene. Yiftach sent messengers to the king of Ammon asking what their grievance was. The crux of the matter was land that Israel supposedly took from Ammon when they left Egypt. Yiftach pointed out some history - including that there were 300 intervening years in which Ammon could have made such a claim but didn't. Since Ammon's point of view could not be reconciled with Israel's, war was inevitable. (Does any of this sound familiar today?)
Yiftach made a vow to G-d that if he were successful in battle, he would offer as a sacrifice the first thing that greeted him upon his return. This was greatly lacking in judgment as Yiftach was successful in battle against Ammon and upon his return was greeted by his daughter. She agreed that it was important for Yiftach to keep his word and her friends gathered to bemoan her fate, which became an annual practice. It's important to note that nowhere does it say that Yiftach actually sacrificed his daughter. Human sacrifice is one of the most reprehensible things to G-d. It appears that Yiftach did not actually offer up his daughter, but that she became sanctified and never married. Perek 12 finds the warriors of Ephraim who upset about not being called to attle. They threatened to burn down Yiftach’s house, with him in it. While almost a century earlier, Gidon was able to appease them with words, Yiftach got into a chest-thumping contest with them. The people of Gilad, Yiftach’s home, warred with Ephraim. They blocked the crossings of the Jordan and whenever someone attempted to cross, they instructed the traveler to say “Shibboleth.” If the traveler said “Sibboleth” in the dialect of Ephraim, they would capture and kill him. 42,000 Ephramites were dispatched this way. Yiftach ruled for six years. He was followed by Ivtzan, who is identified with Boaz from the Book of Ruth. Ivtzan judged for seven years and was succeeded by Elon. Elon ruled for ten years and was succeeded by Avdon, who ruled for eight years. Perakim 13-14 introduce us to Shimson who was sanctified as a Nazir from birth. The events with his parents and the Malach are chronicled in Perek 13 vwhile Perek 14 idenitifes Shimson's first interaction with the oppressing Philistines. |
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Last Updated on Tuesday, 11 November 2008 13:18 |
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